Prisons And Its Effect On Society - 1847 Words

Introduction Prisons are dependably a subject numerous individuals keep away from what it may look on the outside; prisons are usually seen as startling and dim from their physical attributes. Although for those who have committed a crime and are being held captive for their criminal offences, their lives are forever changing. The main goal of any federal prison is to ensure safety of the public, remove the menaces ones out of society, and to protect society. Prisoners have been changing their perspective on life, while living in a large imposed building with high brick walls and barb wire topped off with sharp razors. The main existence of prisons is to keep the menaces out of society. Uncompromising regulations and stern schedules are in placed to structure a prisoners life and change them. But some rules in placed in the past were seen as inhumane and wrong. Consistently, law implementations and powers have changed the purpose of prison. The purpose of prisons was to have the wrongdoers conc eded discipline for the crimes they have committed. Numerous detainees amid the 18th century were traumatized as a result of corporal punishment and the consideration of execution; the consequences of recuperation were exceedingly unsuccessful. In the long run, it was understood that detainees were not being rehabilitated. Erving Goffman, a Canadian sociologist and writer, spent most of his life studying the lives of inmates and mental patients within an American institution.Show MoreRelatedPrisons And Its Effects On Society1681 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Prisons are vital in multiple ways because they contain some of the country’s most dangerous criminals. While prison put people at ease knowing that offenders are serving time for their crime. It also runs the risk of making an offender who is non-violent prior to incarceration extremely violent once their time has been served. In society not everyone can be the model citizen that we wish everyone was however there are individuals who commit heinous crimes and for that they must pay forRead MoreEssay about America’s Prisons and Their Effects On Society1529 Words   |  7 Pagesto deal with their criminals in ways that help both society and those that commit the crimes. Imprisonment has historically been the popular solution. However, there are many instances in which people are sent to prison that would be better served for community service, rehab, or some other form of punishment. Prison affects more than just the prisoner; the families, friends, employers, and communities of the incarcerated also pay a price. Prison as a punishment has its pros and cons; although itRead MoreEssay on Cost of Incarceration1308 Words   |  6 Pagessomeone in prison. Incarceration serves as a punishment for criminals due to their actions against the law. It is a solution for keeping the public safe. Prisoners fo llow a strict rules and schedules while following the culture within the walls among other prisoners. As a result of their crimes, convicts lose their freedom and are place among others who suffer the same fate. Crime is the cause of this establishment, but what are the effects of incarceration on convicts, their relations, and society? AsRead MorePrison And The Prison System Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscouragement for humans is through the prison system. Because of this, these humans or inmates, are sentenced to spend a significant part of their life in a confined, small room. With that being said, the prison life can leave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different wayRead MoreThe United States Prison System996 Words   |  4 PagesUnited S tates prison population has quadrupled to 2.4 million inmates; with nearly half of the inmates in federal prison serving time for drug offenses. The majority of America’s general population has been hoodwinked into believing that the prison system helps prevent crime, but the side effects of mass incarceration is like spilling gasoline on a burning car. The side effects of fabricating additional prison complexes for the sole purpose of preventing crime will continue to deem societies ignoranceRead MorePrison Reform : Effective And Reliable Correctional System1352 Words   |  6 PagesPrison reforms are necessary to better the conditions for prisoners to enable the creation of an efficient and reliable correctional system. In reforming the prison system, it is essential for alternatives to incarceration to be explored (UNODC). There has been a sizeable escalation in the number of individuals serving prison sentences in American prisons. In fact, America has the world’s highest number of incarceration cases with over 2.2 million Americans in prison. The increased number of inmatesRead MoreReduced Time from Prison1440 Words   |  6 PagesTime from Prison Prisons are correctional facilities where offenders are incarcerated as punishment and deterrent from engaging in other criminal activities. It serves justice for victims of criminal offenses and provides a chance for the offender to reflect, and with prison time; they will become better citizens of society. This however, may not always be the case. If an inmate exhibits understanding of good behavior and structure, a prisoner may not serve his or her full sentence in prison. They mayRead MoreThe Reasons For Why Recidivism Occurs1441 Words   |  6 PagesIn most places around the world there are prisons set up where people go after committing a crime. Now the point of prisons is to reform a person so when they come out of prison they will be a productive member of society and not the criminal they once were. This does not occur most of the time. In fact, the exact opposite has occurred so much that there is a term for it now. That term is recidivism, which is when a person goes back to a life of crime after some sort of reform. There are many reasonsRead MoreProblematic California Prison System Essay849 Words   |  4 PagesCalifornia has one of the most dysfunctional and problematic prison system in US. Over the last 30 years, California prison increased eightfolds (201). California Department of Correctional and Rehabilitation (CDCR) does little to reform prisoners and serve as human warehouse rather than a correction institution. Californias prison system fails the people it imprisons and society it tries to protect. In many cases, Californias prison system exacerbates the pre-existing problems and aids in theRead MoreDo We Really Need Prisons1599 Words   |  7 PagesDO WE REALLY NEED PRISONS The simple meaning prison is a place for the confinement of persons in law detention, espicially people who are convicted of crimes according to The American Heritage of the English Language (2000). The history of prison almost as old as history itself. At first, prison were not used as a punishment but as a place where people who were sentenced to capital or corporal punishment were kept for a short period of time. But as the time passed, it turned into a legal punishment

Transformation Of Urban Life During The Gilded Age And The...

Topic 3: The Transformation of Urban Life in the Gilded Age and the Development of Suburbs for the American Middle Classes This historical study will define the increased economy prosperity of the Gilded Age and the development of suburban planning in the American middle classes. During the late 19th century, the massive growth of the American economy was dominantly formed in urban industrial centers, yet the wealth generated from the upper and middle classes allowed them to move out into rural areas near major cities. More so, the development of public transportation, such a trolleys and trains, helped the middle classes to plan suburban housing to escape the overpopulation and poverty of urban areas. Economic growth inspired the idea of the â€Å"suburbs† as a convenient residential area for the middle classes that sought greater individualism, which separated them from the masses of working-class urbanites. The expansion of American suburbs defines the growth of the administrative/managerial classes that was able to utilize public transportation to shift urban residential quarters to semi-rura l neighborhoods at the fringes of American cities. Also, the issue of urban pollution was major incentive for the middle classes to seek out semi-rural residencies to escape the city. In essence, a historical analysis of the increased economic prosperity of the Gilded Age and the development of suburbs for the American middle classes will be defined in this study. At the end of theShow MoreRelatedFrom Salvation to Self-Realization18515 Words   |  75 PagesPantheon Books, 1-38. Reprinted with the permission of the author. 1On or about December 1910, Virginia Woolf once said, human character changed. This hyperbole contains a kernel of truth. Around the turn of the century a fundamental cultural transformation occurred within the educated strata of Western capitalist nations. In the United States as elsewhere, the bourgeois ethos had enjoined perpetual work, compulsive saving, civic responsibility, and a rigid morality of selfdenial. By the early twentiethRead MoreEssay about History: World War I and Bold Experiments7600 Words   |  31 Pagesindustrialize during the late nineteenth century? 2. What were the causes and consequences of urbanization? 3. How did political change and progressive reform gain momentum after 1900? 4. How did the United States emerge as a world power by 1918? 5. What tensions between the old and new existed in the 1920s? The 1920 Census revealed that a majority of Americans (51 percent) lived in urban areas for the first time. Part 5 covers the accelerating trends that led up to this important shift in American life from

Evaluation Report for Lemon and Camerota - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: How could the interview participants have managed themselves and the interview more effectively? Answer: To know how each and every participant would have done better, it is important to first know the roles and the powers of each and every participant. The ball was more on the side of Lemon and Camerota. The reason for stating so is because they were the ones asking the questions and controlling the whole event(Ghaffar, 2009). With that in mind, it is evident that they would have more control of the interview as compared to Aslan. Aslan was just a person who was in place to contribute to a topic that was already in place. Therefore, his part was like only adding spices to a mean that the menu and ingredients were already provided. The way that each and every person conducted him or herself in the interview has so much to do with what he or she would have done better. Camerota Between Lemon and Camerota, Camerota was the one who contributed much and took more time in the whole interview from the journalists side(Jasperse, 2012). Such is seen where she initiates arguments and goes ahead to a battle with Aslan so as to prove her point. There are different ways that she would have managed the interview more effectively as well as herself. First, a journalist is the voice of the society. Society is diverse, and therefore, it needs a person who stands in the middle and makes all side feel represented and respect. It is evident that Camerota took a side in the whole conversation(Johansen, 2012). The work of the journalists is to make news and to gather information without biases. When a journalist takes a side, it becomes his or her interest and not the interest of the viewers. Why state so? The viewers of the interview might have been Islamic and maybe Christians(Karakus, 2012). It is the responsibility of a journalist not to make a specific population feel like the journalist is against it. Therefore, to manage herself more effectively, Camerota ought not to have taken any position in the debate; her work was to get information from Aslan(Lamarque, 2009). Second, Camerota failed to give Aslan a chance to explain his points at times. By watching the interview, one would realize that sometimes Camerota would cut off Aslan because she wanted to pass a specific point. When one does not give a partner a humble time to prove his or her point, the conversation might turn chaotic. Such was almost the case in some instances; Camerota would stop Aslan from explaining his point. Camerota ought to know that she was at the center of the conversation. Such means that the work was to make sure that allegations that had been made by Maher are proved to be factual or mere personal opinions(Tekleab, 2009). Therefore, the case only called for the contribution of the professional invited and in this case, it is was Aslan. Like Lemon, Camerota was supposed to contain herself and try not to initiate arguments with Aslan. Third, as far as the effective management of the interview is concerned, Camerota failed to stick to her purpose. The best way to bring out the point is by comparing her with her partner(Tsai, 2009). When Lemon started talking, he was calm and straight to point. That is a strategy in journalism that helps the source to provide as much information as possible. In the whole interview, if Camerota were not in the newsroom, one would have confused her for a professional who was brought on board to contribute to the whole debate (Khamilov A.B, 2014). Lemon Lemon is one of the participants who conducted themselves well in the interview. However, there are ways in which he would have managed the interview in a more effective way. Seeing that Lemon was the person who initiated the conversation and introduced the topic, it is more likely that he had the power to control the whole interview (Paula, P,2010). As far as his character is concerned, he did not go past the purpose. However, his partner ought to have been controlled. How would Lemon do so? Lemon would have made sure that not too much is spent by Camerota. The reason for stating so is because Camerota became more of a participant in the conversation than a journalist. Lemon would also have made sure that there were two different people opposing and proposing the topic of discussion. It was not fair to bring one person who only refuted the claims that Islam does not support peace. Though there were remarks from Maher, at the time of discussion, they were not well represented. If the re were an availability of a person who supported the claims of Maher or Maher, the discussion or interview would be effective because it would be representing views from both sides. Aslan Aslan demonstrated that he stands by what he believes in. There are different areas that would have made the interview and the contribution of Aslan more effective. One, at some point, there were arguments between Aslan and Camerota on the issue of discussion. It would have been easy for Aslan to avoid that. First, he would have avoided that by making sure that he gives the journalists an enough time to ask questions. When two people talk at the same time in an interview, it becomes more of just a mere argument than a constructive discussion. There are points when Aslan and Camerota talk at the same time. The worst about it is that they both believed that they were right and that even led to them raising their voices to one another. Aslan, as an active member of the discussion, had a chance to change the scenario(Awad, 2010). Letting Camerota complete what she was talking about would make the interview orderly and smooth. Two, Aslan trashed almost everything that was said by Maher and Camerota. Such was one of the reasons why his conversation with Camerota was extensive and full of argument(Akinwale A, 2010). In any given discussion or argument, it is imperative to accommodate the views of others even when they are against what you believe in. Aslan acted like a person who was righteous and treated others and people who did not know what they were talking about. As a result, the interview turned chaotic at some point. It is difficult to convince a person who believes what he or she knows is the only right thing. For the sake of the whole interview, it would be important if Aslan would accommodate the views of others that were based on facts(Brusko, 2010). For example, some of the issues brought forward ailing the Islamic nations might be problems experienced in some of the African nations. However, that does not justify why they are being carried out in the Islamic nations. Aslan was quick to trash the claims just because he believed in something different from the people in the interview. The third way was to eliminate biases. It is evident that most of the information that Aslan provided was crowded with biases(Ellis G, 2010). The reason for stating so is because he did not want to pay attention to any information that stated otherwise. By so doing, the interview looked like it was more on one side than the other; diverse views were not accommodated. References Akinwale A, A., 2010. Integrating the traditional and the modern conflict management strategies. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, 3(10). Awad, G.H., 2010. The impact of acculturation and religious identification on perceived discrimination for Arab/Middle Eastern Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 1(16), p.59. Brusko, L., 2010. Organized Chaos: A Survey of Conflict Management Strategies, Gender Roles, and Status in an Organizational Setting. UW-L Journal of Undergraduate Research, XIII. Ellis G, M.S.M.a.P.B.C., 2010. How democracies keep the peace; Contextual factors that influence conflict management strategies. Foreign Policy Analysis, 4(6), pp.373-98. Ghaffar, A., 2009. conflict in schools;its causes management strategies. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 3(2). Jasperse, M..W.C.a.J.P.E., 2012. Identity, perceived religious discrimination and psychological well-being in Muslim immigrant women. Applied Psychology, 2(61), pp.250-71. Johansen, M.L., 2012. Keeping the peace; Conflict management strategies for nurse managers. Nursing Management, 2(43), pp.50-54. Karakus, M..S.C., 2012. The Effects of Parental Involvement, Trust in Parents, Trust in Students and Pupil Control Ideology on Conflict Management Strategies of Early Childhood. Educational Practices; Theory and Practice, 4(12), pp.2977-85. Khamilov A.B, S.D.V., 2014. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES. 1st ed. Lamarque, F.A.J.F.L.O.-O.Y.B.L., 2009. Human-wildlife conflict in Africa; causes, consequences, and management strategies. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (157). Paula, P, 2010. Organizational communication and conflict management systems. Nordicom review, 1(31), pp.125-41. Tekleab, A.G..N.R.a.T.P.E., 2009. A longitudinal study of team conflict, conflict management, cohesion, and team effectiveness. Group and Organization Management, 2(34), pp.170-205. Tsai, j.s.a.C.J.S., 2009. Influences of Chinese cultural orientations and conflict management styles on construction dispute resolving strategies. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 10(135), pp.955-64.

Business Ethics Codes And Standards Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics Codes And Standards. Answer: Introduction In the daily life of each and every individual, they come across different ethical issues, where there is a need to make a decision regarding two alternative choices in which there is a need to make the right decision, particularly when making the wrong decision seems to be an easier and a profitable decision. Through ethics, which present the codes and standards, the decisions and behaviour of people is governed, based on the morality and values followed by such person. On the basis of trust, integrity and complex issues like diversity, governance and compliance, the ethical decisions are undertaken. When it comes to the businesses, they are faced with ethical decision making process quite often, and this have to be solved on the backdrop of ethical integrity. Through this discussion, the business ethics in context of the given case study have been analysed. Ethical Issues The case study highlighted a key ethical issue and this was related to the lack of a proper method being used for attaining the data of a competitor, in addition to the objectives of getting this information. The intelligence spying of competitors is deemed as an unethical manner of getting the confidential data of another company, for the benefit of the company in which the person works (Garfunkel, 2014). The competitive intelligence spying is deemed as unethical as the information of the competitor, which is attained by the company, is private and material information, which has the power of dismantling or gravely harming the competing company and by using this confidential information of the company, the other company can reap benefits. The competitive intelligence spying is also deemed as corporate espionage and is deemed as an unethical behaviour, the roots of which are in the information being gathered in such a way which is deemed as illegal. Where the loopholes of thelaw are taken advantage of, in order to consider it as a legal task, it still remains unethical due to the focus over the word of law, in place of the spirit oflaw (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell, 2016). The case study which has been given shows that the competitive information was obtained by the boss of Michael, as he hacked into the private intranet of the competitor, which is deemed as an illegal thing. Later on, the boss made a statement where the unethical conduct was again highlighted particularly for the manner in which the information had been attained by the boss. The reason for obtaining the information was to get the personal benefit for the company. As a result of this, the competitive intelligence spying, the ethical issue was raised in the given case (Daft and Samson, 2014). Requisite Steps to be undertaken by Michael The given case study shows that Michael was required to undertaken certain measures governed by the two ethical theories, i.e., utilitarianism and virtue ethics. As per the ethical theory of utilitarianism, such an act has to be undertaken through which the benefit of the majority is attained and the utility of the action is maximized (Bykvist, 2010). By following this theory, the actions are deemed right when the happiness is promoted and is spread between a high numbers of people. Through this theory, pleasure and happiness is deemed as the key values, which a true utilitarian upholds in their actions, through which the happiness of individuals is deemed as the main goal, instead of being focused on the happiness of a single or group of persons (Santa Carla University, 2014). The given case study shows that Michael has to adopt a true utilitarian approach and has to give supremacy to the happiness of the world, instead of the happiness of company where he works under the boss. And so, Michael is under the obligation to stop his boss from making a misuse of the other companys confidential information as the same does not result in happiness of the world, but just for the company. Based on the virtue ethics, the persons virtues in terms of character and mind of a person have to dictate the decisions which are made by the person. Based on this theory, the definition of virtue and nature of it is given supremacy. As a result of this, a virtuous person needs to show the qualities of honesty, courage, temperance, and justice to highlight good character (Winter, 2011). The given case shows that Michael had to act on the basis of this theory as a result of which, he was required to be honest, just, courageous and fair in the work done by him. This would have meant that instead of going forward with the orders of his boss, he would have taken strict steps and blown the whistle to curb the wrongdoing of the boss for upholding a sense of justice. Unethical Boss of Michael From the actions which have been undertaken by the boss of Michael, it can be clearly stated that he had undertaken unethical conduct. The reason for stating this is that he used the confidential information of its competitor and handed over the same to the subordinate for the benefit of his company. Apart from indulging in corporate espionage, he was very proud of his actions and even wanted the information to be used for the benefit of his company. The ethical theories of utilitarianism and virtue ethics again clarify that his actions were concentrated on his own benefits instead of that of the world; and in doing so, he was neither honest nor fair, thus lacking the virtuous character. And so, it can be stated with a definite clarity that Michaels boss was indulged in unethical conduct as he procured the material information of another company in unlawful manner and used it for the benefit of his company. Whistleblower: Michael The best manner of describing a whistleblower is such a person who expresses unlawful or unethical conduct, being indulged in by the company, for bringing forth the unethical conduct which is going on in the company, before the world. There are a number of statutory instruments through which the whistleblowers are protected and this is done in order to protect the person blowing the whistle, from discrimination or harassment. Hence, due to these legislations, a whistleblower cannot be removed or dismissed from the job and in some other company, they cannot be denied a job opportunity, just because they had been a whistleblower in past (Brown, 2008). There are number reasons which act as the motivating factor for the whistleblowers and this is more than mere monetary rationales (Waytz, 2016). The reward programs are brought forward by the government officials in order to bring forward to the notice of the government regarding the illegal activities. However, as per the conducted studies, the motivation of the whistleblowers lies in the physical wellbeing of the general public, instead of mere monetary gain (Alejandro, 2016). The whistleblowers are such people who give supremacy to the ethical theories and concentrate on these ethics in place of the financial benefits which are derived from being rewarded by the government. These individuals blow the whistle when they come across illegal or corrupt activities which the organizations undertake and of which, such individuals are a part (Alfred, 2016). One can justify whistle blowing by undertaking some particular conditions. It is important for the whistle blower to ensure before blowing the whistle, regarding the validity of the claims. This has to be coupled with the motives which are pure and genuine. Hence, where a whistle is blown as a result of an employee holding a grudge against the employee, the motive of the whistle blowing would not be justified or genuine for that matter. Whistle blowing has to be undertaken with the goal of bringing an end to the harm being caused to others and not harming the employer as a result of a grudge of an employee (Shaw, 2013). Whistle blowing is deemed as a very serious matter and is not to be taken lightly, as a result of the major repercussions attached with it. This is the reason why the whistleblowers are required to exhaust all the available alternatives, before they blow the whistle against the organization. This requires the whistleblower to attempt to settle the issue at hand in the company itself at the initial stages, where they discuss the matter with their superiors and with the relevant departments of the company. If a proper result is not obtained by undertaking or utilization of these resources, the whistleblower then should go ahead with whistle blowing process. As stated earlier, the whistleblowers are given different safeguards; though, they fail to prove useful and the whistleblowers have to bear the consequences of blowing the whistle. So, the whistle should only be blown in such cases where the person is okay with making some personal sacrifices and is ready to face certain hardships ( Vaughn, 2012). Relevance of Ethics in Business The ethics are deemed as significant when it comes to businesses and also with regards to their relevance to the conduct of business. An ethical company indulges in ethical practices, which allows the businesses to attract a higher customer base, in addition to employees and investors being attracted towards the company. The ethical companies are able to present a positive image before the customers which attracts the customers towards the products of such companies, in turn increasing the revenues of the company. The employees also want to be associated with such companies which conduct their operations in an ethical manner, as it helps in reducing the turnover of labour, and this again helps the company in raising their productivity. This also allows the companies to retain and attract staff, helping in increasing its talent pool, which brings down the costs of recruitment (ACCA, 2014). The ethical company also attract the faith of a higher number of investors, which results in more capital being available with the company and increases the share prices of the company, which overall results in the value of the company being raised. An ethical company also is able to attract the confidence of the regulatory bodies, as the government is often focused on unethical companies, in comparison to scrutinizing of the activities of an ethical company. Unethical behaviour spoils the reputation of the company, which results in the business having to suffer. And by being ethical, the company can continue on a path of growth (Minus, 2013). Conclusion From the discussion carried on the previous segments, it can be concluded that Michael was faced with an ethical dilemma due to the conduct of his boss being unethical. The boss had stolen the information of a competitor in an unlawful manner and wanted it to be used for the benefit of the company. However, the ethical theories required Michael to not follow the instructions of his boss and instead, blow the whistle. This would have resulted in the utility being maximized and ethics being upheld, as ethics are crucial for the growth of any company. References ACCA. (2014) Why is ethics important to business?. [Online] ACCA. Available from: https://blogs.accaglobal.com/2014/11/25/why-is-ethics-important-to-business/ [Accessed on: 21/10/17] Alejandro, H. (2016) What Motivates a Whistleblower?. [Online] Lexology. Available from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=3708e644-10d0-488a-b00a-f8a21f5b2414 [Accessed on: 21/10/17] Alfred, C.F. (2016) Whistleblowers: Broken Lives and Organizational Power. New York: Cornell University. Brown, A.J. (2008) Whistleblowing in the Australian Public Sector: Enhancing the Theory and Practice of Internal Witness Management in Public Sector Organisations. Canberra: The Australian National University. Bykvist, K. (2010) Utilitarianism: A Guide for the Perplexed. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Daft, R.L. and Samson, D. (2014) Fundamentals of Management: Asia Pacific Edition PDF. 5th ed. South Melbourne: Cengage Learning Australia. Ferrell, O.C., Fraedrich, J., and Ferrell, L. (2016) Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making Cases. 11th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Garfunkel, T. (2014) Is Competitive Intelligence Ethical?. [Online] Digitalist. Available from: https://www.digitalistmag.com/technologies/analytics/2014/11/20/competitive-intelligence-ethical-01792890 [Accessed on: 21/10/17] Minus, P.M. (2013) The Ethics of Business in a Global Economy. New York: Springer. Santa Carla University. (2014) Calculating Consequences: The Utilitarian Approach to Ethics. [Online] Santa Carla University. Available from: https://www.scu.edu/ethics/ethics-resources/ethical-decision-making/calculating-consequences-the-utilitarian-approach/ [Accessed on: 21/10/17] Shaw, W.H. (2013) Business Ethics: A Textbook with Cases. 8th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Vaughn, R.G. (2012) The Successes and Failures of Whistleblower Laws. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar. Waytz, A. (2016) Whistleblowers are Motivated by Moral Reasons Above Monetary Ones. [Online] Pro Market. Available from: https://promarket.org/whistleblowers-motivated-moral-reasons-monetary-ones/ [Accessed on: 21/10/17] Winter, M. (2011) Rethinking Virtue Ethics. New York: Springer.